咳嗽抑制 Cough Suppression
Forceful coughing is likely to tear the pleura. Dramatic negative intrathoracic pressure occurs during inspiration prior to a cough, and high positive intrathoracic pressure occurs during a cough. This places the patient at risk for pneumothorax and for air embolism should the needle be uncovered with the tip in a vein. Procedure progress is halted during coughing episodes. Cough suppressant medication should be administered, or the irritant addressed. Otherwise, the procedure should be terminated.
咳嗽抑制
剧烈的咳嗽很可能会撕裂胸膜，导致气胸。咳嗽前吸气时出现显著的胸内负压，咳嗽时出现较高的胸内正压。这使患者有气胸和空气栓塞的风险，如果针的尖端在静脉空气栓塞的危险更大。咳嗽时停止。应给予止咳药物，或处理刺激物。否则，应终止该程序。
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