单中心小样本 硬化剂末梢栓塞
To evaluate the efficacy [ˈefɪkəsi] of transcatheter foam sclerotherapy (TCFS) in pelvic varicocele using sodium-tetradecyl-sulfate foam (STSF), we conducted a retrospective study in 38 patients (mean age, 36.
为了评价经导管泡沫硬化治疗盆腔精索静脉曲张的疗效，我们对38例（平均年龄36岁）患者进行了回顾性研究。
36.9 years; range, 22-44 years) with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) treated between January 2000 and June 2005 by TCFS.
在2000年1月至2005年6月期间，TCFS治疗盆腔充血综合征(PCS) 平均年龄36.9年；范围22-44岁。
Diagnosis was made by pelvic and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound examination, demonstrating ovarian or pelvic varices with a diameter >5 mm presenting venous reflux.
诊断采用盆腔和经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查，显示卵巢或盆腔静脉曲张，直径>5mm，呈静脉回流。
TCFS was performed in all patients, using 3% STSF.
所有患者均使用3%的STSF进行TCFS。
Follow-up was performed by physical examination, pelvic and transvaginal Doppler ultrasound examination and by a questionnaire-based assessment of pain at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure.
随访采用体格检查、盆腔和经阴道多普勒超声检查以及在手术后1、3、6和12个月对疼痛进行问卷评估。
Technical success was achieved in all patients (100%).
所有患者均取得技术成功（100%）。
In three patients a pelvic colic-like pain occurred immediately after sclerotic agent injection, disappearing spontaneously after a few minutes.
三名患者在注射硬化剂后立即发生盆腔绞痛样疼痛，几分钟后自发消失。
No recurrent varicoceles were observed during a 12-month follow-up.
在12个月的随访中没有观察到复发的精索静脉曲张。
A statistically significant improvement in each category of specific symptoms was observed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure.
在手术后1、3、6和12个月，观察到每一类特定症状的统计学上显著改善。
We conclude that TCFS of female varicocele using a 3% STSF is safe and effective for the treatment of PCS.
结论：使用3%STSF治疗女性精索静脉曲张是安全有效的。
It is associated with a significant reduction of symptoms and can be regarded as a valid alternative to other endovascular and surgical techniques.
它与显著减少症状有关，可被视为其他血管内和外科技术的有效替代。
 Diagnosed pathology, type of intervention and results of treatment of patients with diagnosed PCS【1】
单中心大样本 - 202 pts with CPP and with lower limb varices recruited prospectively (mean age 43.5 years)
- Inclusion criteria:
lower limb varices and chronic pelvic pain
Both Ovs and IIVs targeted for embolization.
Clinical FU at 1, 3, 6 m and every year for 5
- Technical success = 100%
- Clinical success in 168 patients (93.85%)
- Complete disappearance of symptoms in 60 pts (33.52%)
- Complications= groin hematoma (n=6),
coil migration (n=4),
reaction to contrast media (n=1).
- In 24 patients (12.5%), recurrence of their leg varices
-Retrospective review on 131 pts.
-Gelfoam/morrhuate + coils
-85% also IIV embolization
-83% long-term improvement
-13% no change
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